同事在使用RMAN向ASM文件系统中恢复数据库的时候,遇到ORA-15001错误:

channel c1: starting datafile backup set restore 
channel c1: restoring control file 
channel c1: reading from backup piece /data/ivldb/data/arc_20160405/spfile_c-1357933872-20160405-00 
channel c1: ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /data/ivldb/data/arc_20160405/spfile_c-1357933872-20160405-00 
ORA-19504: failed to create file "+DATA/ivldb34/controlfile/control01.ctl" 
ORA-17502: ksfdcre:3 Failed to create file +DATA/ivldb34/controlfile/control01.ctl 
ORA-15001: diskgroup "DATA" does not exist or is not mounted 
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete 
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete 
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete 
ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplet 
failover to previous backup

告警日志报错信息如下：

Tue Apr 05 15:39:12 2016
NOTE: Loaded library: System
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/data1"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/data10"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/data11"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/data12"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/data2"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/data3"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/data4"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/data5"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/mapper/data6"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 13: Permission denied
Additional information: 9

此时ASM是启动的,而且所有磁盘组均已挂载(MOUNT)，而且asmcmd命令可以对磁盘组进行读写操作，检查磁盘权限也没有问题。

[oracle@SL010A-IVDB03 trace]$ ll /dev/dm-*
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252,  0 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-0
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252,  1 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-1
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252, 10 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-10
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252, 11 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-11
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252, 12 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-12
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252, 13 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-13
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252, 14 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-14
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252,  2 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-2
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252,  3 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-3
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252,  4 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-4
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252,  5 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-5
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252,  6 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-6
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252,  7 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-7
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252,  8 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-8
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 252,  9 4月   5 17:26 /dev/dm-9

同事是在一套原有的RAC数据库服务器上，先卸载了ORACLE和GRID软件，并删除了oracle和grid操作系统用户，然后重新创建，并使用dd命令擦写了使用的磁盘的数据，而且在恢复之前，他成功的使用oracle将spfile创建到ASM磁盘组中，数据库也可以成功启动到nomount状态，在restore的时候就遇到了这个问题。检查环境并没有发现什么问题，猜测可能是他删除操作系统用户的时候，udev绑定的磁盘为的所有者grid被删除，磁盘的属组出了问题，他再次创建用户的时候并没有重启udev服务，也没有重启服务器，猜测可能是这引起的问题，重启服务器后，问题解决，再次恢复未再遇到这个问题。

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