ORA-16433 The database must be opened in read write mode故障解决
Mar082014
今天给客户搭建DG，在RMAN备份控制文件的时候遇到ORA-16433错误，客户的环境是OEL5.4，ORACLE是11.2.0.3.0版本。
RMAN> backup current controlfile format '/home/oracle/control.bak'; Starting backup at 07-MAR-14 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=80 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 03/07/2014 15:04:04 ORA-16433: The database must be opened in read/write mode.
当前数据库是read/write模式打开的，没有问题。
SQL> select open_mode from v$database; OPEN_MODE -------------------- READ WRITE
不只是在RMAN备份的时候遇到这个错误，在创建STANDBY CONTROLFILE的时候也遇到这个错误。
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/home/oracle/pfile111.log'; alter database create standby controlfile as '/home/oracle/pfile111.log' * ERROR at line 1: ORA-16433: The database must be opened in read/write mode.
而且在备份控制文件到文本的时候也报这个错误。
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace; alter database backup controlfile to trace * ERROR at line 1: ORA-16433: The database must be opened in read/write mode.
为什么在触碰控制文件的时候都报这个错误呢？在MOS上找到了相关信息，这是由于BUG 8422605导致的，下面摘自MOS(ID 1074855.1)。
Possible Symptoms: o Database was upgraded to 11.1.0.7.2 The database shows its in read write mode. ( open ) RMAN Resync catalog failing with errors: o This problem can be caused by a recreate of the controlfile with resetlogs, and subsequent failure during the open resetlogs. That is, if recreating a controlfile with resetlogs option, but if there are any issues during the open resetlogs, leaving the database in this state reporting . ORA-16433: The database has not been opened in read-write mode $ rman catalog rman/rman@xxx target sys/xxx@xxx Recovery Manager: Release 11.1.0.7.0 - Production on Mon Mar 15 10:58:49 2010 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. connected to target database: OPMMPRF2 (DBID=1078444404) connected to recovery catalog database RMAN> resync catalog; RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03009: failure of resync command on default channel at 03/15/2010 10:58:56 ORA-16433: The database has not been opened in read-write mode -Tried to open the database in read only then change it to read write. Same error -Tried sql> 'alter database backup controlfile to trace' from sqlplus failed with the same error SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace; alter database backup controlfile to trace * ERROR at line 1: ORA-16433: The database has not been opened in read-write mode Cause Bug 8422605 BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO TRACE GENERATES ORA-16433 AFTER 11.1.0.7 UPGRADE V1110: Status: 31,Could Not Reproduce. Solution 1) Recreate the controlfile with NORESETLOGS option. 2) Recover database using this command: SQL> recover database; 3) Open the database as follows: SQL> alter database open;
ORACLE给出的解决方案是重建控制文件，还好这是测试环境，可以重建控制文件，问题就没那么复杂了。
SQL> alter system set cluster_database=false scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 535662592 bytes
Fixed Size 1346140 bytes
Variable Size 272631204 bytes
Database Buffers 255852544 bytes
Redo Buffers 5832704 bytes
SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORCL" NORESETLOGS FORCE LOGGING ARCHIVELOG
2 MAXLOGFILES 16
3 MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
4 MAXDATAFILES 100
5 MAXINSTANCES 8
6 MAXLOGHISTORY 292
7 LOGFILE
8 GROUP 1 ('+ORCLDG/orcl/onlinelog/group_1.257.840568065','+FRADG/orcl/onlinelog/group_1.257.840568065') SIZE 50M,
9 GROUP 2 ('+ORCLDG/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.258.840568065','+FRADG/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.258.840568065') SIZE 50M,
10 GROUP 3 ('+ORCLDG/orcl/onlinelog/group_3.265.840568065','+FRADG/orcl/onlinelog/group_3.259.840568065') SIZE 50M,
11 GROUP 4 ('+ORCLDG/orcl/onlinelog/group_4.266.840568065','+FRADG/orcl/onlinelog/group_4.260.840568065') SIZE 50M
12 -- STANDBY LOGFILE
13 DATAFILE
14 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/system.259.824845765',
15 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.260.824845773',
16 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/sysaux.261.824845773',
17 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/undotbs2.263.824845777',
18 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/users.264.824845777',
19 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/ts_etl_rep_32bit.dbf',
20 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/ts_cs_edm.dbf',
21 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/bf_zx_bpm.dbf',
22 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/bf_fe_fts.dbf',
23 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/bf_se_mkt.dbf',
24 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/bf_ys_evs.dbf',
25 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/ts_etl_domain_32bit.dbf',
26 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/ts_cs_edm_realtime.dbf',
27 '+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/dbdream.1487.841590405'
28 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
29 ;
Control file created.
SQL> select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
MOUNTED
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 535662592 bytes
Fixed Size 1346140 bytes
Variable Size 272631204 bytes
Database Buffers 255852544 bytes
Redo Buffers 5832704 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
这样之前的备份信息就需要通过CATLOG注册到控制文件，否则这部分备份信息就丢失了，本案例直接重新备份数据库和控制文件，传到备库服务器去恢复备库。
[oracle@test52 ~]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Fri Mar 7 15:54:53 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1352626495) RMAN> backup as compressed backupset full database format '/home/oracle/full_%U'; Starting backup at 07-MAR-14 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=140 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00006 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/ts_etl_rep_32bit.dbf input datafile file number=00007 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/ts_cs_edm.dbf input datafile file number=00013 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/ts_cs_edm_realtime.dbf input datafile file number=00003 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/sysaux.261.824845773 input datafile file number=00001 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/system.259.824845765 input datafile file number=00002 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.260.824845773 input datafile file number=00004 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/undotbs2.263.824845777 input datafile file number=00014 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/dbdream.1487.841590405 input datafile file number=00008 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/bf_zx_bpm.dbf input datafile file number=00009 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/bf_fe_fts.dbf input datafile file number=00010 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/bf_se_mkt.dbf input datafile file number=00011 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/bf_ys_evs.dbf input datafile file number=00012 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/ts_etl_domain_32bit.dbf input datafile file number=00005 name=+ORCLDG/orcl/datafile/users.264.824845777 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-MAR-14 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-MAR-14 piece handle=/home/oracle/full_02p2jcfm_1_1 tag=TAG20140307T155533 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:05 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set including current control file in backup set including current SPFILE in backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-MAR-14 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-MAR-14 piece handle=/home/oracle/control_03p2jcjj_1_1 tag=TAG20140307T155533 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 07-MAR-14
重建控制文件后，问题解决，RMAN可以备份控制文件，也可以创建STANDBY CONTROLFILE了。
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/home/oracle/control.bak'; Database altered.
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ORA-16433 The database must be opened in read write mode故障解决：等您坐沙发呢！
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